olved in indirect defenses of elm to leaf bee tles, we mainly foc

olved in indirect defenses of elm to leaf bee tles, we mainly focused on terpenoid metabolism comparing the different treatments with iPath, a web based tool for the visualization of metabolic pathways. According to the different iPath maps, the enzymes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis were most frequently observed in Batimastat the large treatment combination EF F. Several transcripts involved in terpenoid biosynthesis including prenyltransferases and terpene synthases were found, but low EST numbers made a statistical analysis between treatments impossible. Putative enzymes with increased transcript abundances in the EF versus MeJA, F, E, and C treatments with significant Rstat values are lipoxygenase, catalase, glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase, cobalamin independent me thionine synthase, and sucrose synthase.

The EC numbers used for generating maps are listed in Additional file 10, showing the normalized counts for Unitrans and R values for the different cross comparisons between treatments. The Unitrans associated with the GO category defense response included genes for pathogen related proteins, phytohormone signaling, plant innate im munity, and other regulatory processes. Cross comparison of the different treatments revealed genes with increased transcript abundances in egg and feeding treated plants. Ten putative genes were specific ally enhanced in all the insect egg treatments in comparison to the other treatments.

These were annotated as, a class I chitinase, a glucan endo 1,3 beta glucosidase, a MLP like protein, a jasmo nate ZIM domain protein, an auxin signaling F box pro tein, the regulatory protein NPR1, a peroxisomal acyl coenzyme A oxidase, a patatin like protein, heat shock protein 81, and a cyclic nucleotide gated ion channel. The most abundant transcripts in this group were the class I chitinase, the heat shock protein 81, and the glucan endo 1,3 beta glucosidase. Interestingly five of these transcripts showed simultaneous increases in the MeJA treated plants, again suggesting a role for MeJA in response to egg laying. Ten putative genes were present at low transcript abundances exclu sively in those plants that were induced by egg laying, and almost all of these were from the large EF F li brary.

These were annotated as, MLO like protein 6, coronatine insensitive protein, WRKY transcription fac tor 33, ethylene insensitive protein, pre mRNA splicing factor, cell division cycle 5 like protein, protein pleio tropic regulatory locus, a serine threonine protein kin ase, two pore calcium channel proteins, and cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 3. Three genes showed apparent increases in MeJA induced plants. Two additional gene transcripts showed increased abun dance in feeding induced plants. Tran scripts annotated as an ethylene responsive transcription factor were enhanced in untreated plants. From the 15 most abundant protein transcripts in egg and feeding treated plants, the three with EST counts 1000 were lipoxygenase whi

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