Commercial ELISA kits were used for detection of serum IgG (SG
1-7, SG 1) and IgM (SG 1-7) present in patients and the control group. Results: In the studied group of patients, positive results (IgM and/or IgG SG 1-7) were obtained in 20 patients (7.12%). One patient only had two classes of antibodies. From the total study group, the antibodies against L. pneumophila SG 1 were detected in only one patient on dialysis. Patients with L. pneumophila antibodies who are on dialysis or post-renal transplantation did not differ significantly in any of the usually evaluated risk factors of clinical infection.
The find more reported outbreaks of Legionnaires’ disease in chronic dialysis patients and those with renal transplants, as well as our results of IgG and IgM antibodies, merit further identification of the sources of this infection but also the ways in which cellular immune system can be managed in the immunocompromised patients with Legionella infection.”
“Purpose of reviewSurgery for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) is applied frequently nowadays. Nevertheless, this approach is still surrounded by many controversies. The present review
discusses the most recent literature regarding surgery for high-risk PCa.
Recent findingsAs there is no standard definition of high-risk PCa, outcome comparison between series and treatment approaches check details is hampered. Nevertheless, recent radical prostatectomy series have shown excellent cancer-specific survival in patients with high-risk PCa. Even for very-high-risk PCa (cT3b-T4 or any cT, N1), surgery may be applied to highly selected patients as a first step of a multimodality approach. Recent experience with robot-assisted EPZ5676 surgery opens new possibilities for a minimally invasive approach in this field.Patient selection for surgery was also addressed in
recent studies. Excellent cancer-specific survival is seen when specimen-confined PCa is found at final histopathology; a recently published nomogram enables the prediction of specimen-confined disease. Another issue in high-risk PCa is the impact of age and comorbidities on cancer-specific and overall mortality. In a recent study, it was shown that patients with low comorbidity scores, even when at least 70 years old, had a significant risk of dying from their cancer and may benefit most from a surgical approach. A modified extended pelvic lymphadenectomy template was presented, providing optimal removal of positive lymph nodes.
SummaryRadical prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy delivers very good cancer-related outcomes in high-risk and very-high-risk PCa, often within a multimodal approach. Minimally invasive surgery and improved patient selection will be key to further improve oncological and functional outcomes.”
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