RF resisted this down regulation on IGF I and up regulation on TR caused by under nutrition. The mRNA expression of TR in the RF group was lower than that in the IF groupthe selleck chemical Tofacitinib mRNA expression of IGF I was Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries higher than that in the IF group, and these gene transcripts were not significantly different with those in the Con group. However, the GHR mRNA level was still lowerand the IGF IR mRNA level was still higher in the RF group compared with the Con group. To show whether early age feed restriction and re feeding affect apoptotic potential of satellite cells, the mRNA abundance of a pro apoptotic gene and an anti apoptotic gene Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries were measured.
No differ ences in Bax and Bcl 2 mRNA expression were observed among the 3 treatment groups, while BaxBcl 2 ratio, which indicates susceptibility to apoptosis, was decreased by re feeding compared with the IF group Responsiveness of satellite cells to T3 As shown in Figure 5, the differences in cell viability among the 3 groups exhibited similar patterns as shown in Figure 2, although Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries the differences under low serum medium were not as pronounced as that under standard serum rich medium. Cell viability was decreased in the IF group and the RF group compared with the Con group. Cells from the Con group responded to T3 with significantly increased cell viability, while cells from the IF group were insensitive to T3. RF restored the sensitivity of sa tellite cells to T3 treatment. Discussion Previous studies regarding the nutritional influences on satellite cells have been focused on the changes of cell mitotic activity by determining DNA synthesis with in corporation of either thymidine or BrdU.
Pax7 is also used as a specific marker for satellite cells in immunohistochemistry. These are classic methods for cell proliferation studies, which are more sensitive and accurate compared with the MTT assay. However, normal cell growth regulation not only includes proliferation Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries but also apoptosis. The MTT assay is a convenient and efficient method for establishing the number of living cells, reflecting the ultimate balance between cell pro liferation and apoptosis. Here, the morphological differences of the satellite cells revealed the significant impact of early age intermittent feeding on cell prolifera tion and differentiation, while the changes in the ratio of Bax to Bcl Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries 2 mRNA expression implicated changes of apoptotic OSI-744 potential of the satellite cells responding to nutrition restriction and restoration. This implies some strategies of feed restriction for higher feeding efficiency should be appropriately and duly. If not, the total number of satellite cells will be less for full muscle growth.