The consulting surgeon should have experience operating on patients with CHwI in addition to performing the specific indicated surgery. Solimeno et al. [15] reported that the experience and expertise of the operating surgeon was an independent predictor of infection risk following TKR in patients with haemophilia, with and without inhibitors. The preoperative

surgical evaluation provides the surgeon with an opportunity to examine the patient and review or obtain relevant studies, and discuss the surgical procedure and expected outcome and recovery with the patient as part of the informed consent process. The surgeon should be made aware of the patient’s HIV and hepatitis C status, as affected patients are more susceptible to postoperative

infections. In addition, to reduce the risk for transmission of these blood-borne pathogens Ceritinib mouse to the surgical team, personal protective equipment and appropriate disposal of contaminated materials is warranted [8]. If use of ethanol lock to prevent CVAD infections [18] is intended, the surgeon, in consultation with the HTC staff, should determine catheter compatibility HSP inhibitor with ethanol [19]. To ensure access to relevant laboratory studies and specialists, elective procedures should be scheduled for early in the week and as early in the day as possible [13, 20]. For maximal effectiveness, the time between administration of haemostatic treatments and surgery 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 should be minimized. This is possible if the haematology team is informed of the precise time (within 1–2 h) at which surgery will occur [20]. A haematologist should also be readily available for consultation during at least the first few days after surgery [13]. Often, in cases of orthopaedic procedures, the surgeon may consider performing multiple

surgeries during a single operative session; patients with CHwI frequently require multiple such surgeries [8, 14]. However, patients must be informed in advance of the compounded duration and rigour of recovery following multiple procedures under a single anaesthetic administration [13]. The coordination of urgent or emergent procedures in patients with CHwI poses a particular challenge, given the need for rapid mobilization of resources and multidisciplinary collaboration in such cases. Sufficient supplies of haemostatic agents must be readily accessible, along with laboratory, blood bank and pharmacy support. When possible (e.g. for pending organ transplantation), advance planning should be undertaken to ensure prompt availability of these resources at the time of surgery [12].