The text summarizes genes with a log fold change (log FC) over 0.8 in beginning of regeneration, whereas all genes towards termination of regeneration are discussed. For time contrast 3–0 weeks one gene was up-regulated (log FC 0.9); Insulin-like growth factor binding protein

7 (IGFBP-7). It is involved in regulation of cell proliferation [16]. One gene was down-regulated (log FC −1.8); Cytolytic granule protein Selleck H 89 (TIA1) which functions Doramapimod order potentially as an inducer of apoptosis [17]. For time contrast 6–0 weeks two genes were down-regulated (log FC −1.1): BAG3 potentially prevents FAS-mediated apoptosis [18] while Tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1), (log FC −0.9) potentially KPT-330 induces apoptosis

[19]. Towards end of regeneration, one gene found differentially expressed in both time contrasts 6–0 and 6–3 has a potential negative effect on cell cycle progression and promotes apoptosis; Zinc finger protein 490 (ZNF490) [20]. By comparing the log fold change for genes in the resection group, this gene had the highest rate of 2.0 at t = 1, and 2.4 at t = 2. For time contrast 6–3 weeks, one gene was down-regulated (log FC −1.1), that is Fas associated factor 1 (FAF1) which potentially increases cell death [21]. Caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (CARD11) was up-regulated (log FC 0.4). Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) was also up-regulated in termination of liver regeneration (log FC 0.4), and has been reported to regulate cell Phospholipase D1 proliferation [22]. General trends of apoptosis, cell cycle and cell proliferation within the sham group For time contrast 3–0 weeks, one gene was up-regulated (log FC 0.9): Uromodulin (UMOD) which is a potential negative regulator of cell proliferation [23]. By comparing the first time contrast that is from 0 until 3 weeks, with the second,

6–0, we found one common up-regulated gene, MDM4, (log FC 1.9 and 2.0, respectively). This gene potentially inhibits the G1 phase of the cell cycle [24] in both time-contrasts. For time contrast 6–0 weeks, one gene regulating cell proliferation was down-regulated: SOCS2 (log FC −0.9). This gene suppresses cytokine signalling and inhibits STAT and thereby terminating the transcription activity [25]. For time contrast 6–3 weeks, one gene was down-regulated, BTG3 (log FC −0.9). This gene is an anti-proliferative gene and ANA is a member of this family. It has been shown that an over expression of ANA impaired serum-induced cell cycle progression from the G0/G1 to S phase [26]. General trends of apoptosis, cell cycle and cell proliferation within the control group For time contrast 3–0 weeks, we found one down-regulated gene (log FC −2.8).