7-fold and 1.8-fold, respectively. No significant difference in clearance was found between female and male subjects. The clearances of concomitant AEDs were not affected by zonisamide

administration. The overall efficacy of zonisamide for reducing seizure frequency50% was 35% and the most frequent adverse event was fatigue, reported in 23% of the patients. ConclusionPatients with enzyme-inducing comedication or of young age (range, 0-4 years) might need higher weight-normalized doses to achieve the same plasma BVD-523 in vivo levels as in patients with no enzyme-inducing comedication or patients of older age. Zonisamide was not found to influence the pharmacokinetics of concomitant AEDs. The shortage of pharmacokinetic studies buy MK-8931 of zonisamide in children highlights the need for research of this kind.”
“Background and Aim: There are insufficient data on renal safety during long-term adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) treatment. We aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors of renal impairment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with ADV. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 687 CHB patients (51.4% with compensated cirrhosis) treated with ADV alone (18.2%) or in combination with lamivudine (81.8%) for more than 12 months. Renal function was measured using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and renal dysfunction was defined as mild (20-30% decrease), moderate (30-50%),

or severe (more than 50%). Results: During the median treatment duration of 27 months, 72 patients (10.5%) developed renal impairment, which was mild in 77.8% of cases, moderate in 20.8% of cases, and severe in one patient. The cumulative incidence of renal impairment at 1, 3, and 5 years was 2.6%, 14.8%, and 34.7%, respectively. Modification of the dosing interval or discontinuation of ADV was required in seven and three patients, respectively, and none of them showed a further decline in the

eGFR. Although a univariate analysis revealed age, the number of exposure to radio-contrast dye, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma as risk factors of renal impairment, age was the only significant risk factor identified in the multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 1.048, 95% confidence interval = 1.019-1.076, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Renal impairment in long-term ADV users was relatively frequent, but serious renal toxicity was rare, and all cases were safely managed. Careful see more monitoring of renal function is required, especially in older patients.”
“TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A), which binds its cognate receptor DR3 and the decoy receptor DcR3, is an identified member of the TNF superfamily. TL1A exerts pleiotropic effects on cell proliferation, activation, and differentiation of immune cells, including helper T cells and regulatory T cells. TL1A and its two receptors expression is increased in both serum and inflamed tissues in autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Imaging of more central body parts such as the spine at 7 T is still in its

infancy and dedicated coils have to be developed.”
“THORLUND, J. B., E. M. ROOS, and P. AAGAARD. Neuromuscular Function during Stair Descent in Meniscectomized Patients and Controls. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 43, No. 7, pp. 1272-1279, 2011. Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify differences in knee range of motion (ROM), movement speed, ground reaction forces (GRF) profile, neuromuscular activity, and muscle coactivation during the transition between stair descent and level walking in meniscectomized patients at high risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared with the nonoperated leg and with healthy Selleckchem P505-15 controls. Methods: A total of 22 meniscectomized patients (15 men and 7 women (mean + SD), 45.4 + 5.1 yr, 174.3 + 7.1 cm, 77.3 + 15.4 kg) and 26 healthy controls (16 men and phosphatase inhibitor 10 women, 45.6 + 6.1 yr, 174.9 + 8.1 cm, 78.6 +/- 16.8 kg) were tested using synchronous force plate, goniometer, and EMG recording (vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST)) during the transition step between stair descent and level walking. Pain was assessed using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Results: Patients reported more pain than controls (P <= 0.001), but no differences

were observed between patients and controls in any variables including knee ROM during stance (operated leg = 42.9 degrees, nonoperated leg = 44.3 degrees, controls = 43.4 degrees, respectively, P = 0.42). A shorter stance phase (T(stance); 657 vs 679 ms) was observed for the meniscectomized leg versus the nonoperated leg in patients along with reduced overall medial versus lateral thigh muscle activity in the meniscectomized leg during the weight acceptance phase (P <= 0.05) and at peak GRF WZB117 concentration (P <= 0.01). Conclusions: Patients and controls did not differ in any of the examined variables. However, kinematic differences were observed in the meniscectomized leg compared with the nonoperated

leg along with attenuated medial leg muscle activity in the meniscectomized leg. The present findings support the hypothesis that meniscectomized individuals demonstrate early modulations in kinematics and neuromuscular activity that may represent an initial phase in the development of knee OA.”
“Background\n\nTreatment of primary biliary cirrhosis is complicated. There are studies suggesting that bezafibrate, alone or in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), is effective in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis, but no systematic review has summarised the evidence yet.\n\nObjectives\n\nTo assess the beneficial and harmful effects of bezafibrate in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

(C) 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.”
“The present study investigated the in vivo effect of chicory root on testicular steroid concentrations and androstenone metabolizing enzymes in entire male pigs. Furthermore, the effect on skatole and indole concentrations in plasma and adipose tissue was investigated. The pigs were divided into two groups; one receiving experimental feed containing 10% dried chicory root for 16 days before slaughter, the control group was fed a standard diet. Plasma, adipose and liver tissue samples were collected at slaughter. Plasma was analyzed for the concentration of testosterone, estradiol, insulin-like DNA Damage inhibitor growth factor

1 (IGF-1), skatole and indole. Adipose tissue was analyzed for the concentration of androstenone, skatole and indole, while the liver tissue was analyzed for mRNA and protein expressions of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD), sulfotransferase

2A1 and heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70). The results showed that the androstenone concentrations in the adipose tissue of chicory fed pigs were significantly (p < 0.05) lower and indole concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) compared to control fed pigs. Moreover the chicory root fed pigs had increased mRNA and protein expression of 3 beta-HSD and decreased HSP70 expression (p < 0.05). Testosterone and IGF-1 concentrations in plasma as well as skatole concentrations in adipose tissue were not altered by dietary intake of chicory root. It is concluded that chicory root in the diet reduces the concentration BLZ945 of androstenone in adipose tissue Selleckchem GSK2126458 via induction of 3 beta-HSD, and that these changes were not due to increased cellular stress. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: The traditional strategy to map QTL is to use linkage analysis employing a limited number of markers. These analyses report

wide QTL confidence intervals, making very difficult to identify the gene and polymorphisms underlying the QTL effects. The arrival of genome-wide panels of SNPs makes available thousands of markers increasing the information content and therefore the likelihood of detecting and fine mapping QTL regions. The aims of the current study are to confirm previous QTL regions for growth and body composition traits in different generations of an Iberian x Landrace intercross (IBMAP) and especially identify new ones with narrow confidence intervals by employing the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip in linkage analyses.\n\nResults: Three generations (F3, Backcross 1 and Backcross 2) of the IBMAP and their related animals were genotyped with PorcineSNP60 BeadChip. A total of 8,417 SNPs equidistantly distributed across autosomes were selected after filtering by quality, position and frequency to perform the QTL scan.

The objectives of the present article are to briefly discuss the statistical theory behind sample size calculations and provide practical tools and instruction for their calculation.”
“Background: Studies on serum IgE levels during pregnancy are limited. Objective: To investigate the course of serum total IgE levels during pregnancy and postpartum.\n\nMethods: 159 pregnant subjects provided 218 serum samples during various stages of pregnancy and the postpartum period. Serum total IgE geometric means were compared at various trimesters and postpartum. In addition, the postpartum IgE data were analysed according to the method of delivery.

Analysis was also done according to history of allergy.\n\nResults: The geometric mean serum total IgE was 20.5 IU/ml in the first trimester, 20.8 IU/ml in the second and 22.2 IU/ml in the third. Postpartum serum ARO 002 IgE level showed a lower mean, 14.9 IU/ml during the early postpartum period (less than 30 days) compared to 30.3 IU/ml during the late postpartum period (30 days-25 weeks). However this was not statistically significant. Serum IgE in the postpartum period also did not differ according to method of delivery. A history of allergy was positive in 98 samples, negative in 61 and unclear in 59. Using analysis of variance, none of these

three groups showed significant change in serum total IgE level during pregnancy or postpartum.\n\nConclusion: INCB018424 nmr In this cross-sectional study, serum total IgE levels

showed no statistically significant changes during pregnancy or postpartum. This find more finding would be of greater weight if reproduced in a larger number of subjects with multiple serial samples at fixed regular time intervals during pregnancy and postpartum. (C) 2010 SEICAP. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the central nervous system characterised by strong inflammatory response. The brain is highly dependent on ATP, and the cell energy is obtained through oxidative phosphorylation, a process which requires the action of various respiratory enzyme complexes and creatine kinase (CK) as an effective buffering system of cellular ATP levels in tissues that consume high energy.\n\nObjectives: Evaluate the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, III, IV and CK activity in hippocampus and cortex of the Wistar rat submitted to meningitis by Klebsiella pneumoniae.\n\nMethods: Adult Wistar rats received either 10 mu l of sterile saline as a placebo or an equivalent volume of K. pneumoniae suspension. The animals were killed in different times at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after meningitis induction. Another group was treated with antibiotic, starting at 16 h and continuing daily until their decapitation at 24 and 48 h after induction.

In this study, direct enantiomeric resolution of metalaxyl and its main degradation product metalaxyl acid,

often co-occurring in the environment, was carried out in normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with a Chiralcel OJ-H column. (R)-Metalaxyl acid and (S)-metalaxyl, which were almost parallel bonding to the chiral stationary phase, tended to separate, started to overlap, coeluted, and separated again with subtle changes of the mobile phase consisting of n-hexane, 2-propanol, acetic acid, and trace water. Their competition above hampered an acceptable direct separation in fresh mobile phases. Aged mobile phases with a storage period of 3-5 days, however, significantly improved their separation, in which trace water from moisture air diffusion was found to play selleck chemicals llc a major role. Trace water differentially affected peak width and retention times and then induced enhanced peak separation, confirmed by deliberate addition of water to fresh mobile phases. Furthermore, none of the studied factors, involving temperature, concomitant analytes, and trace water, could cause changes of the configuration of the chiral stationary phase. Simultaneous

enantiomeric separation of both compounds was achieved in aged or fresh mobile phases with adventitious or added water and gave satisfactory peak separation, all with Rs values of more than 1.20 in environmental samples.”
“We present Nepicastat an uncommon and yet interesting congenital anomaly and discuss the difficulties with diagnosis and controversies in management. C1 arch deficiency is an important consideration in click here the differential diagnosis of neck pain in children.\n\nA 12-year-old girl presented initially

with a loud clicking emanating from the cervical spine during nappy changes in early childhood. Subsequent investigation by way of CT and MRI revealed her to have a deficient posterior arch of the C1 vertebra, and due to persistent and painful clicking she was placed into a cervical brace, which was worn for approximately 1 year. At age 12, her clicking had all but completely resolved but she continued to complain of minor neck pain. She is advised to avoid contact sports and her parents are instructed to observe any new worrying symptoms.\n\nNo definitive guidelines exist for the management of this congenital anomaly. Indications for surgical intervention prior to any neurological disturbance are unclear, and restricting a child from partaking in healthy activity may not be necessary. We discuss the anomaly and identified management strategies as reported in the literature so far.”
“Nano-particles with controllable particle size and shape are of great interest in biomedical applications (1). From the standpoint of drug carrier design with wide applicability to a variety of hydrophobic drugs, an effective strategy would be to prepare a simple copolymer having the property to form stable polymeric micelles which can entrap hydrophobic drugs in the core (2).

Dairy was the primary calcium source for both groups (55% of intake for black

women and 57% of intake for white women).\n\nConclusion\n\nThe CFFFQ can be used to identify postmenopausal women with inadequate calcium intakes (< 800 mg/d) and to identify key sources of dietary calcium. Older black women consume less daily calcium than do older white women.”
“This paper shows how to harness existing theorem provers for first-order logic to automatically verify safety properties of imperative programs that perform dynamic storage allocation and destructive updating of pointer-valued structure fields. One of the main obstacles is specifying and proving learn more the (absence) of reachability properties among dynamically allocated cells.\n\nThe main technical contributions are methods for simulating reachability in a conservative way using first-order formulas-the formulas describe a superset of the set of program states that would be specified if one had a precise way to express reachability. These methods are employed for semiautomatic program verification (i.e., using programmer-supplied loop invariants) on programs such as mark-and-sweep DAPT research buy garbage collection and destructive reversal of a singly linked list. (The mark-and-sweep example has been previously reported as being beyond the capabilities of ESC/Java.)”
“At a given body mass,

folivorous colobines have smaller postcanine teeth than frugivorous cercopithecines.

This distinction is a notable exception to the general tendency for folivorous primates to have relatively larger postcanine tooth rows than closely related frugivores. The reason for this anomalous pattern is unclear, but one potential explanation is that the difference in facial size between these two subfamilies confounds the comparison-i.e., it may be that the large postcanine teeth of cercopithecines are a consequence of their large faces. The goal of this study was to test this hypothesis. Phylogenetic comparative methods were used to examine the relationships among CBL0137 Apoptosis inhibitor postcanine area, facial size, and body mass in 29 anthropoid primates, including eight colobines and eight cercopithecines. Results indicate that there is a strong and highly significant partial correlation between postcanine area and facial size when body mass is held constant, which supports the hypothesis that facial size has an important influence on postcanine size. Moreover, colobines have larger postcanine teeth relative to facial size than cercopithecines. Surprisingly, when facial size is held constant, the partial correlation between postcanine area and body mass is weak and nonsignificant. These results suggest that facial size may be more appropriate than body mass for size-adjusting postcanine measurements in some contexts.

Conclusions: Candidate CRF1 receptor PET radioligands were identified but none proved to be effective for imaging monkey brain CRF1 receptors. Higher affinity radioligands are likely required for successful

PET imaging of CRF1 receptors. (c) CX-6258 in vitro 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) protease is an attractive target when developing inhibitors to treat HTLV-1 associated diseases. To study the catalytic mechanism and design novel HTLV-1 protease inhibitors, the protonation states of the two catalytic aspartic acid residues must be determined. Free energy simulations have been conducted to study the proton transfer reaction between the catalytic residues of HTLV-1 protease using a combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) molecular dynamics simulation. The free energy profiles for the reaction in the apo-enzyme and in an enzyme substrate complex have been obtained. In the apo-enzyme, the two catalytic residues are chemically equivalent and are expected to be both unprotonated. Upon substrate binding, the catalytic residues of HTLV-1 protease evolve to a singly protonated state, in which the OD1 of Asp32 is protonated and forms a hydrogen bond with the OD1 of Asp32′, which is unprotonated. The HTLV-1 protease substrate complex structure obtained from this simulation can serve as the Michaelis complex structure for further mechanistic Studies of HTLV-1 protease while providing a

receptor structure with the correct protonation states for the active site residues toward the design of novel HTLV-1 protease inhibitors through virtual screening. Published by Elsevier Ltd.”
“Background: BVD-523 molecular weight Patients in hemorrhagic shock often require emergent airway management. Clinical experience suggests that oxygen desaturation occurs rapidly in these patients; however, data are scant. The hypothesis of this study was that increasing levels of hemorrhagic shock, varying levels of fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO(2)) for preoxygenation, and fluid resuscitation significantly affect the duration until critical desaturation occurs.\n\nMethods: Fifteen pigs were studied in a hemorrhagic

shock model with controlled hemorrhage (15, 30, and 45 ml/kg blood loss) and randomized I-BET-762 price to standard fluid resuscitation or no fluids. At each shock level, three apnea experiments (in randomized order) were performed after 5 min of preoxygenation at 21, 50, or 100% FIO(2). After preoxygenation, ventilation was discontinued and the time to peripheral oxygen saturation of 70% or less was measured.\n\nResults: During normovolemia, peripheral oxygen desaturation to less than 70% occurred after 33 +/- 7 s (FIO(2) = 0.21, mean +/- SD), 89 +/- 12 s (FIO(2) = 0.5), and 165 +/- 22 s (FIO(2) = 1.0; P < 0.001). During increasing blood loss, peripheral oxygen desaturation to SpO(2) less than 70% occurred significantly (P < 0.001) faster compared with normovolemia, but no effect of fluid resuscitation was observed.

As for the mechanisms, hyperoside firstly attenuated

the phosphorylation of CaMKII caused by OGD-R lesions. Meanwhile, hyperoside lessened iNOS expression induced by OGD-R via inhibition of NF-kappa B activation. Furthermore, ameliorating of ERK, JNK and Bcl-2 family-related apoptotic signaling pathways were also involved in the neuroprotection of hyperoside. Taken together, these studies revealed that hyperoside had protective effects on neuronal ischemia-reperfusion impairment, which was related to the regulation of nitric oxide signaling pathway. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Using the liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) method we prepared the learn more high crystalline quality In(3+) doped ZnO thin film scintillators with different Indium concentration of 26, 53, and 141 ppm. We evaluated their optical properties and radiation response, because there are few reports of radiation response of In-doped ZnO scintillator. In order to imitate the scintillator application, we measured the alpha-ray excited luminescence spectra. The emission bands peaking around 375 and 500 nm were observed, and with an increment of In(3+), the intensity of both bands decreases. In the measurement of light yield, we optically

coupled the sample with PMT R7600 by a silicone grease, and excitation was provided by (241) Am 5.5 MeV alpha-rays. The samples showed of about 10% of the light yield

of BGO scintillator which was used as a reference. Under the same excitation the scintillation decay was measured in all the samples buy LY3039478 as well.”
“Two hundred cultures of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from eight yan-taozih (pickled peaches) samples, and four cultures were isolated from the main component of these samples, fresh peaches. Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics identified eight different bacterial groups (A-H) and showed that the majority of the isolates was heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. The most common bacterial species in yan-taozih was Leuconostoc mesenteroides, although regional diversity was also observed among the lactic acid bacteria strains isolated. The antibacterial activities of the isolates were also determined, https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD7762.html and 20 isolates were found to show inhibitory activity against the indicator strain Lactobacillus sakei JCM 1157(T). The results of the sensory evaluation suggested that the diversity of lactic acid bacteria has a great effect on the aroma and formation of taste in the food product. Our findings suggest that Leuconostoc mesenteroides is the most abundant lactic acid bacteria in yan-taozih (pickled peaches) and that lactic acid bacteria strains play an important role in affecting the aroma and taste of the food product.”
“Several diseases are related to retinal ganglion cell death, such as glaucoma, diabetes and other retinopathies.

The results showed

that pseudowords elicited significantly larger N400 responses than words did, over the central-parietal recording sites, regardless of the stimulus-degradation levels. Moreover, the N400 latency was proportional to the stimulus-degradation level. The N400 effects thus remained observable even when the character pairs were highly degraded and consciously unidentifiable, in addition to the N400 effects that were observed for lightly blurred and intact character pairs. These findings supported the view that the N400 component indexes an automatic processing, providing evidence against the postlexical account.”
“The secretory clusterin (sClu) protein is highly expressed in many types of cancer, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and is involved in tumor progression. The current study has investigated whether Selleckchem Alvocidib sClu silencing affects tumor

cell behavior in HCC cells. HCCLM3 cells were transfected with an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) against clusterin (OGX-011). Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining and flow cytometric (FCM) assay. Cell survival was assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The matrigel invasion assay was used for invasion assays. Xenografting was used to demonstrate HCCLM3 growth and metastasis. OGX-011 specifically attenuated Nirogacestat mouse the expression of sClu. Inhibition of sClu strongly induced significant reduction in cellular growth and higher rates of spontaneous endogenous apoptosis. Invasion assays indicated that OGX-011 significantly inhibits HCCLM3 cell migration and invasion in vitro.

HCCLM3 xenografts treated with OGX-011 showed growth delay beyond 14 days. Moreover, OGX-011 treatment led to a significant decrease in lung metastasis by HCCLM3 cells. Thus, OGX-011, in potentially selleck products silence CLU gene expression, may prove to be of value during HCC therapy.”
“There is an ongoing need for a red cell substitute, an oxygen-carrying solution to use primarily as a bridge until red cells are available. The replacement of oxygen-carrying capacity has driven the field of research, primarily with the development of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, but they are less than ideal. The formulation of a complete substitute for blood, if it can be realized, must take into account all the cellular and molecular components of the immune and coagulation systems.”
“The etching rate behavior of silicon dioxide (SiO(2), fused silica) using chlorine trifluoride (CIF(3)) gas is studied at substrate temperatures between 573 and 1273K at atmospheric pressure in a horizontal cold-wall reactor. The etching rate increases with CIF(3) gas concentration, and the overall reaction is recognized to be of the first order. The change of the etching rate with increasing substrate temperature is nonlinear, and the etching rate tends to approach a constant value at temperatures exceeding 1173K.

Subsequently, the Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) identified risk loci for BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma near CRTC1 and BARX1, and within 100 kb of FOXP1. We aimed to identify further SNPs that increased BE risk and to validate

previously reported associations. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify selleck chemicals llc variants associated with BE and further analyzed promising variants identified by BEACON by genotyping 10,158 patients with BE and 21,062 controls. RESULTS: We identified 2 SNPs not previously associated with BE: rs3072 (2p24.1; odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.09-1.18; P = 1.8 x 10(-11)) and rs2701108 (12q24.21; OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86-0.93; P = 7.5 x 10(-9)). The closest protein-coding genes were respectively GDF7 (rs3072), which encodes a ligand in the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, and TBX5 (rs2701108), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates esophageal and cardiac

development. Our data also supported in BE cases 3 risk SNPs identified by BEACON (rs2687201, rs11789015, and rs10423674). Meta-analysis of all data identified another SNP associated with BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma: rs3784262, within ALDH1A2 (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87-0.93; P = 3.72 x 10(-9)). CONCLUSIONS: check details We identified 2 loci associated with risk of BE and provided data to support a further locus. The genes we found to be associated with risk for BE encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory response.”
“Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2001 for treatment of many different stages of chronic myeloid leukemia and

in 2002 for treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Imatinib is known to inhibit the dysregulated proliferation of chronic myeloid leukemia, which is associated with the Bcr-Abl kinase; in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, imatinib is known to act via c-Kit kinase inhibition. The objective of this study was to synthesize an F-18-labeled BI-2536 analog of imatinib not as a primary imaging agent but rather as a tracer for in vivo drug distribution and tracer concentration that can be used as a PET imaging surrogate for imatinib. Methods: Molecular modeling studies based on the crystal structure of imatinib bound to the active site of Abl were performed for designing the fluorinated analog. A 2-fluoroethyl analog of imatinib (SKI696) was synthesized using well-established procedures. The selectivity and binding affinity of SKI696 were compared with those of imatinib in vitro. Mice bearing K562 tumor xenografts, which are known to overexpress Bcr-Abl, were imaged with F-18-SKI696 PET. A biodistribution study was also performed on K562 tumor-bearing mice to which our radiolabeled tracer was administered.